Crossword Puzzle 16-17-18

The proverbs for today come from back in Group 16, Group 17, and Group 18; you can visit those blog posts for the translations and more information. 

• Ἄγει δὲ πρὸς φῶς τὴν ἀλήθειαν χρόνος.
  
• Ἀεὶ ὁ θεὸς γεωμετρεῖ.
  
• Ἀλώπηξ τὸν βοῦν ἐλαύνει.
  
• Δὶς καὶ τρὶς τὸ καλόν.
  
• Μὴ κίνει κακὸν εὖ κείμενον.
  
• Μὴ λόγους ἀντ᾽ ἀλφίτων.
  
• Μισῶ μνήμονα συμπότην.
  
• Ὁ ψεύστης οὐ πιστεύεται.
  
• Ὄρος ὄρει οὐ μίγνυται, ἄνθρωπος δ᾽ ἀνθρώπῳ.
  
• Οὐκ αὖθις ἀλώπηξ πάγαις.
  
• Οὔποθ' ὕδωρ καὶ πῦρ συμμείξεται.
  
• Πέτρας σπείρεις.
  
• Σπεῦδε βραδέως.
  
• Τέφραν φεύγων, εἰς ἀνθρακιὰν ἔπεσεν.
  
• Χελιδόνα οἰκίαι μὴ δέχου.
  

As a kind of game-review, I've made something easier than the jumbles: it's the proverbs with all the spaces removed... see how it goes when you add the spaces back! 

Α ε ι ο θ ε ο σ γ ε ω μ ε τ ρ ε ι.
Μ η λ ο γ ο υ σ α ν τ α λ φ ι τ ω ν.
Α γ ε ι δ ε π ρ ο σ φ ω σ τ η ν α λ η θ ε ι α ν χ ρ ο ν ο ς.
Ο υ κ α υ θ ι σ α λ ω π η ξ π α γ α ι ς.
Χ ε λ ι δ ο ν α ο ι κ ι α ι μ η δ ε χ ο υ.
Δ ι σ κ α ι τ ρ ι σ τ ο κ α λ ο ν.
Α λ ω π η ξ τ ο ν β ο υ ν ε λ α υ ν ε ι.
Μ η κ ι ν ε ι κ α κ ο ν ε υ κ ε ι μ ε ν ο ν.
Ο ρ ο σ ο ρ ε ι ο υ μ ι γ ν υ τ α ι α ν θ ρ ω π ο σ δ α ν θ ρ ω π ῳ.
Μ ι σ ω μ ν η μ ο ν α σ υ μ π ο τ η ν.
Τ ε φ ρ α ν φ ε υ γ ω ν ε ι σ α ν θ ρ α κ ι α ν ε π ε σ ε ν.
Ο ψ ε υ σ τ η σ ο υ π ι σ τ ε υ ε τ α ι.
Π έ τ ρ α σ σ π ε ι ρ ε ι ς.
σ π ε υ δ ε β ρ α δ ε ω ς.
Ο υ π ο θ υ δ ω ρ κ α ι π υ ρ σ υ μ μ ε ι ξ ε τ α ι

I've also made a crossword as usual based on a missing word from each proverb: printable Crossword PDF. I've pasted in screenshots below so you can see what the crossword looks like:

And here's a random proverb and a random LOLCat too :

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Greek Reading: Fables 42

Today's fable and also the joke come from Colton's Greek Reader, which has notes for the stories and a vocabulary in the back; the book is available at the Internet Archive. 

So, here are the stories in Greek, then segmented, and then interwoven with English. The titles are linked to the Internet Archive page.

Λύκος καὶ γραῦς 

Λύκος λιμώττων περιῄει ζητῶν ἑαυτῷ τροφήν. Γενόμενος δὲ κατά τινα τόπον, ἤκουσε παιδίου κλαυθμυρίζοντος, καὶ γραὸς ἀπειλουμένης, καὶ λεγούσης αὐτῷ. Παῦσαι τοῦ κλαίειν, μήπως τῇ ὥρᾳ ταύτῃ ἐπιδω σε τῷ λύκῳ. Οἰόμενος δὲ ὁ λύκος, ὅτι ἀληθεύει ἡ γραῦς, ἵστατο ἐπὶ πολλὴν ὥραν ἐκδεχόμενος. Ὡς δὲ ἑσπέρα κατέλαβεν, ἀκούει πάλιν τῆς γραὸς κολακευούσης τὸ παιδίον, καὶ λεγούσης αὐτῷ· Ἐὰν ἔλθῃ ἐνταῦθα ὁ λύκος, ὦ τέκνον, φονεύσομεν αὐτόν. Τούτων ἀκούσας ὁ λύκος, ὡς οὐδὲν τοῖς λόγοις ἀκόλουθον ἦν, ἀπηλλάττετο λέγων· Ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ ἐπαύλει ἄλλα μὲν λέγουσιν, ἄλλα δὲ ποιοῦσιν.

Λύκος λιμώττων περιῄει 

ζητῶν ἑαυτῷ τροφήν. 

Γενόμενος δὲ κατά τινα τόπον, 

ἤκουσε παιδίου κλαυθμυρίζοντος, 

καὶ γραὸς ἀπειλουμένης 

καὶ λεγούσης αὐτῷ. 

Παῦσαι τοῦ κλαίειν, 

μήπως τῇ ὥρᾳ ταύτῃ 

ἐπιδω σε τῷ λύκῳ. 

Οἰόμενος δὲ ὁ λύκος

ὅτι ἀληθεύει ἡ γραῦς, 

ἵστατο ἐπὶ πολλὴν ὥραν 

ἐκδεχόμενος. 

Ὡς δὲ ἑσπέρα κατέλαβεν, 

ἀκούει πάλιν τῆς γραὸς 

κολακευούσης τὸ παιδίον

καὶ λεγούσης αὐτῷ· 

Ἐὰν ἔλθῃ ἐνταῦθα ὁ λύκος, 

ὦ τέκνον, 

φονεύσομεν αὐτόν. 

Τούτων ἀκούσας ὁ λύκος, 

ὡς οὐδὲν τοῖς λόγοις ἀκόλουθον ἦν, 

ἀπηλλάττετο λέγων· 

Ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ ἐπαύλει 

ἄλλα μὲν λέγουσιν, 

ἄλλα δὲ ποιοῦσιν.

Λύκος λιμώττων περιῄει  ...  A hungry wolf prowled around

ζητῶν ἑαυτῷ τροφήν  ...  looking for something he could eat. 

Γενόμενος δὲ κατά τινα τόπον  ...  He came to a certain place

ἤκουσε παιδίου κλαυθμυρίζοντος  ...  and heard a an infant crying, 

καὶ γραὸς ἀπειλουμένης  ...  and an old woman threatening him

καὶ λεγούσης αὐτῷ  ...  and saying to him,

Παῦσαι τοῦ κλαίειν  ...  Stop that crying,

μήπως τῇ ὥρᾳ ταύτῃ  ...  or else at this very moment 

ἐπιδω σε τῷ λύκῳ  ...  I'll hand you over to the wolf. 

Οἰόμενος δὲ ὁ λύκος  ...  The wolf supposed

ὅτι ἀληθεύει ἡ γραῦς  ...  the old woman was telling the truth, 

ἵστατο ἐπὶ πολλὴν ὥραν  ...  and stood there a long time 

ἐκδεχόμενος  ...  expecting (to get the baby). 

Ὡς δὲ ἑσπέρα κατέλαβεν  ...  When evening came on, 

ἀκούει πάλιν τῆς γραὸς  ...  he heard the old woman again

κολακευούσης τὸ παιδίον  ...  now soothing the child

καὶ λεγούσης αὐτῷ  ...  and saying to him, 

Ἐὰν ἔλθῃ ἐνταῦθα ὁ λύκος  ...  If the wolf comes here, 

ὦ τέκνον  ...  my child, 

φονεύσομεν αὐτόν  ...  we'll kill him. 

Τούτων ἀκούσας ὁ λύκος  ...  When the wolf heard this, 

ὡς οὐδὲν  ...  there being nothing

τοῖς λόγοις ἀκόλουθον ἦν  ...  consistent about her words,

ἀπηλλάττετο λέγων  ...  he went away, saying, 

Ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ ἐπαύλει  ...  In this dwelling, 

ἄλλα μὲν λέγουσιν  ...  they say one thing, 

ἄλλα δὲ ποιοῦσιν  ...  and do another.

from Barlow's Aesop

Ἔμαθον ὅτι ἀπέθανες...

Σχολαστικὸς σχολαστικῷ συναντήσας εἶπεν· Ἔμαθον ὅτι ἀπέθανες· κἀκεῖνος, Ἀλλ' ὁρᾷς με ἔτι, ἔφη, ζῶντα. Καὶ ὁ σχολαστικὸς, Καὶ μὴν ὁ εἰπων μοι πολλῷ σου ἀξιοπιστότερος ὑπάρχει.

Σχολαστικὸς 

σχολαστικῷ συναντήσας 

εἶπεν· 

Ἔμαθον ὅτι ἀπέθανες· 

κἀκεῖνος, 

Ἀλλ' ὁρᾷς με ἔτι, ἔφη, ζῶντα. 

Καὶ ὁ σχολαστικὸς, 

Καὶ μὴν ὁ εἰπων μοι 

πολλῷ σου ἀξιοπιστότερος 

ὑπάρχει.

Σχολαστικὸς  ... One dunce

σχολαστικῷ συναντήσας  ... met another dunce 

εἶπεν  ... and said,

Ἔμαθον ὅτι ἀπέθανες  ... I heard you were dead! 

κἀκεῖνος ἔφη  ... And the other said,

Ἀλλ' ὁρᾷς με ἔτι ζῶντα  ... But you can see I'm still alive.

Καὶ ὁ σχολαστικὸς  ... And the dunce said,

Καὶ μὴν ὁ εἰπων μοι ὑπάρχει  ... But the one who told me is

πολλῷ σου ἀξιοπιστότερος  ... much more reliable than you. 

And here's a random proverb and a random LOLCat too :

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Greek Vocabulary Challenge: April 3

Here are today's vocabulary words; this is Group 156. Click on the word to learn more at Logeion:

εὐεργεσία ~ εὐεργεσίας (noun f.): good deed, kindness 

ἀγών ~ ἀγῶνος (noun m.): contest, struggle 

ἔπος ~ ἔπους (noun n.): word, poetry 

φύσις ~ φύσεως (noun f.): nature 

ἐλπίς ~ ἐλπίδος (noun f.): hope, expectation 

These are the proverbs (and there are always more proverbs at the blog):

Εὐεργεσίας τίμα.

Ἀγὼν οὐ δέχεται σκήψεις.

Οἴνου κατίοντος, ἐπιπλέουσιν ἔπεα.

Πᾶν γὰρ τὸ πολὺ πολέμιον τῇ φύσει.

Πολλ' ἐλπίδες ψεύδουσι καὶ λόγοι βροτούς.

And now, some commentary:

Εὐεργεσίας τίμα.

Honor good deeds.

This is another one of the Delphic maxims recorded by Stobaeus. The noun εὐεργεσία is a compound: εὐ-εργεσία, "well-doing, good deed, kindness." Εὐεργεσία was also personified as a goddess; her Roman equivalent was Liberalitas.

Ἀγὼν οὐ δέχεται σκήψεις.

A contest does not admit excuses.

In other words, once you have agreed to engage in a context, you cannot back out. From Greek ἀγών we get English "agonistic." Meanwhile, the noun σκῆψις is from the verb σκήπτω, which literally means to "lean on, be propped on" (as in English "sceptre"), and by metaphorical extension, "pretend, allege, make an excuse." 

Οἴνου κατίοντος, ἐπιπλέουσιν ἔπεα.

As the wine goes down, words come pouring forth.

This is a variation on the idea of Ἐν οἴνῳ ἀλήθεια, "In wine, truth," and Οἶνος καὶ παῖδες ἀληθεῖς, "Wine and children are truthful," i.e. people say things as a result of drinking wine that they would otherwise not reveal. Compare also Κάτοπτρον εἴδους χαλκός ἐστ'· οἶνος δὲ νοῦ, "Bronze is a mirror of the face, wine of the mind." From Greek ἔπος we get English "epic."

Πᾶν γὰρ τὸ πολὺ πολέμιον τῇ φύσει.

Everything in excess is inimical to nature.

This is from the "Aphorisms" which form part of the Hippocratic Corpus; you can find out more at Wikipedia: Hippocrates. When you remember that φύσει was pronounced with an aspirated p (p-husei), you can see the appeal of this saying with the p sound repeated four times! The word φύσις has an enormous range of meaning as you can see in the LSJ online.

Πολλ' ἐλπίδες ψεύδουσι καὶ λόγοι βροτούς.

Hopes and words deceive mortal men in many ways.

The word πολλ' is πολλά, with the final vowel falling out before the following vowel (apocope).

This is a fragment from Euripides' Protesilaus. The meter is iambic:

Πολλ' ἐλ~πίδες || ψεύδου~σι καὶ || λόγοι ~ βροτούς.

And here is an ancient coin showing Protesilaus; you can read his story at Wikipedia.

And here's a random proverb and a random LOLCat too :

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Greek Reading: Fables 41

Today's fable and also the joke come from Colton's Greek Reader, which has notes for the stories and a vocabulary in the back; the book is available at the Internet Archive. 

So, here are the stories in Greek, then segmented, and then interwoven with English. The titles are linked to the Internet Archive page.

Λέων καὶ ἀλώπηξ

(you saw another version of this story earlier)

Λέων γηράσας, καὶ μὴ δυνάμενος δι' ἀλκῆς ἑαυτῷ τροφὴν πόριζειν, ἔγνω δι' ἐπινοίας τοῦτο πρᾶξαι. Και δὴ παραγενόμενος εἴς τι σπήλαιον, καὶ ἐνταῦθα κατακλεισθεὶς, προσεποιεῖτο νοσεῖν χαλεπῶς. Καὶ οὕτω τὰ παραγενόμενα ἐπισκέψεως χάριν παντοῖα ζῶα συλλαμβάνων κατήσθιεν αὐτά. Πολλῶν δὲ θηρίων ἀναλωθέντων ὑπ' αὐτοῦ, ἀλώπηξ τὸ τέχνασμα αὐτοῦ συνιεῖσα καὶ γνοῦσα, παρεγένετο πρὸς αὐτὸν, καὶ στᾶσα ἔξωθεν καὶ ἄποθεν τοῦ σπηλαίου, ἀπυνθάνετο αὐτοῦ πῶς ἔχοι. Τούτου δὲ εἰπόντος, κακῶς, καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν ἐρωτῶντος, δὶ ἣν οὐ κάτεισι, καὶ οὐκ εἰσέρχεται ὧδε, ἡ ἀλώπηξ ἔφη· Ἀλλ' ἔγωγε εἰσῆλθον ἂν, εἰ μὴ ἑώρων πολλῶν εἰσιόντων ἴχνη, ἐξιόντων δὲ οὐδενός.

Λέων γηράσας, 

καὶ μὴ δυνάμενος δι' ἀλκῆς 

ἑαυτῷ τροφὴν πόριζειν, 

ἔγνω δι' ἐπινοίας τοῦτο πρᾶξαι. 

Και δὴ παραγενόμενος εἴς τι σπήλαιον, 

καὶ ἐνταῦθα κατακλεισθεὶς, 

προσεποιεῖτο νοσεῖν χαλεπῶς. 

Καὶ οὕτω 

τὰ παραγενόμενα ἐπισκέψεως 

χάριν παντοῖα 

ζῶα συλλαμβάνων 

κατήσθιεν αὐτά. 

Πολλῶν δὲ θηρίων 

ἀναλωθέντων ὑπ' αὐτοῦ, 

ἀλώπηξ 

τὸ τέχνασμα αὐτοῦ συνιεῖσα 

καὶ γνοῦσα, 

παρεγένετο πρὸς αὐτὸν, 

καὶ στᾶσα ἔξωθεν 

καὶ ἄποθεν τοῦ σπηλαίου, 

ἀπυνθάνετο αὐτοῦ πῶς ἔχοι. 

Τούτου δὲ εἰπόντος, 

κακῶς, 

καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν ἐρωτῶντος, 

δὶ ἣν οὐ κάτεισι

καὶ οὐκ εἰσέρχεται ὧδε, 

ἡ ἀλώπηξ ἔφη· 

Ἀλλ' ἔγωγε εἰσῆλθον ἂν, 

εἰ μὴ ἑώρων 

πολλῶν εἰσιόντων ἴχνη, 

ἐξιόντων δὲ οὐδενός.

Λέων γηράσας  ...  A lion had grown old 

καὶ μὴ δυνάμενος  ...  and was no longer able

ἑαυτῷ τροφὴν πόριζειν  ...  to get food for himself

δι' ἀλκῆς  ...  by means of strength

δι' ἐπινοίας  ...  so by means of intelligence 

ἔγνω τοῦτο πρᾶξαι  ...  he decided on this (plan), 

Και δὴ παραγενόμενος  ...  and going  

εἴς τι σπήλαιον  ...  into a cave, 

καὶ ἐνταῦθα κατακλεισθεὶς  ...  and shutting himself in, 

προσεποιεῖτο  ...  he pretended

νοσεῖν χαλεπῶς  ...  to be gravely ill. 

Καὶ οὕτω  ...  And thus 

τὰ παραγενόμενα παντοῖα ... when all sorts (of animals) came

ἐπισκέψεως χάριν  ...  for the sake of visiting 

ζῶα συλλαμβάνων  ...  he grabbed them alive 

κατήσθιεν αὐτά  ...  and devoured them. 

Πολλῶν δὲ θηρίων  ...  After many beasts 

ἀναλωθέντων ὑπ' αὐτοῦ  ...  were slain by the lion, 

ἀλώπηξ  ...  the fox 

συνιεῖσα  ... figured out

τὸ τέχνασμα αὐτοῦ  ...  the lion's deceit 

καὶ γνοῦσα  ...  and knew what to do: 

παρεγένετο πρὸς αὐτὸν  ...  she went to the lion, 

καὶ στᾶσα ἔξωθεν  ...  and stood outside 

καὶ ἄποθεν τοῦ σπηλαίου  ...  away from the cave, 

ἀπυνθάνετο αὐτοῦ  ...  and asked him 

πῶς ἔχοι  ...  how he was doing.

Τούτου δὲ εἰπόντος  ...  The lion said, 

κακῶς  ...  "Badly!" 

καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν ἐρωτῶντος  ...  and asked why

δὶ ἣν οὐ κάτεισι  ...  the fox didn't come down

καὶ οὐκ εἰσέρχεται ὧδε  ...  and enter the cave,

ἡ ἀλώπηξ ἔφη  ...  the fox said,

Ἀλλ' ἔγωγε εἰσῆλθον ἂν  ...  I'd certainly come in

εἰ μὴ ἑώρων  ...  if I didn't see

πολλῶν εἰσιόντων ἴχνη  ...  many tracks going in, 

ἐξιόντων δὲ οὐδενός  ...  and not one coming out.

The Fox and the Lion

Σχολαστικὸς ναυαγῶν

Σχολαστικὸς, εἰς χειμῶνα ναυαγῶν, καὶ τῶν συμπλεόντων ἑκάστου περιπλεκομένου σκεῦος πρὸς τὸ σωθῆναι, ἐκεῖνος μίαν τῶν ἀγηκυρῶν περιεπλέξατο.

Σχολαστικὸς, 

εἰς χειμῶνα ναυαγῶν, 

καὶ τῶν συμπλεόντων ἑκάστου 

περιπλεκομένου σκεῦος 

πρὸς τὸ σωθῆναι, 

ἐκεῖνος 

μίαν τῶν ἀγηκυρῶν περιεπλέξατο.

Σχολαστικὸς  ... A dunce

εἰς χειμῶνα ναυαγῶν  ... was on a ship sinking in a storm, 

καὶ ἑκάστου  ... and each one 

τῶν συμπλεόντων  ...  of his fellow passengers 

περιπλεκομένου   ... grabbed hold

σκεῦος  ...  of some piece of baggage

πρὸς τὸ σωθῆναι  ... to save themselves; 

ἐκεῖνος  ... the dunce 

μίαν τῶν ἀγηκυρῶν περιεπλέξατο  ... grabbed an anchor.

ancient stone anchor

And here's a random proverb and a random LOLCat too :

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