Greek Proverbs

Here are today's Greek proverbs with LOLCats! These are repeats of previous proverbs, but now with illustrations... and with a quiz too! See how you do on the questions up top, and then try them again down below after you've read through the proverbs (the quiz results display only at the blog, not in the email):

______ δ' ἀρετῆς ἀναίτιος.

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Τύχη δ' ἀρετῆς ἀναίτιος.

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Παντὶ αἰτοῦντί σε ______.

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Παντὶ αἰτοῦντί σε δίδου.

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Ἓν οἶδα — ὅτι ______ οἶδα.

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Ἓν οἶδα — ὅτι οὐδὲν οἶδα.

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______ νήχεσθαι διδάσκεις.

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Ἰχθὺν νήχεσθαι διδάσκεις.

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Ἐν ______ κυσὶ μάχεσθαι.

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Ἐν φρέατι κυσὶ μάχεσθαι.

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Τύχη δ' ἀρετῆς ἀναίτιος.

Luck (is) not the cause of excellence.

Literally: Luck is not-cause, ἀναίτιος, of excellence. Alpha-privative adjectives like ἀναίτιος do not have a distinctive feminine form. In other words: you don't achieve excellence just by being lucky; you have to work for it. You can read about the goddess of luck at Wikipedia: Tyche. 

Παντὶ αἰτοῦντί σε δίδου.

Give to each person who asks you.

The words come from the Gospel of Luke, and you can find out more at Wikipedia: Sermon on the Plain (not the same as Sermon on the Mount in Matthew).

Ἓν οἶδα — ὅτι οὐδὲν οἶδα.

I know one (thing)  — that I know nothing.

This is the so-called "Socratic paradox." You can find out more at Wikipedia: I know that I know nothing. Both ἕν and οὐδὲν are being used substantively: one (thing) and not one (thing).

Ἰχθὺν νήχεσθαι διδάσκεις.

You're teaching a fish to swim.

This is a proverbial fool's errand: fish know how to swim already; you don't have to teach them. Compare a similar saying: Ἀετὸν ἵπτασθαι διδάσκεις, "You're teaching an eagle to fly." From the root in the verb διδάσκω, we get English words like didactic, autodidact, etc.

Ἐν φρέατι κυσὶ μάχεσθαι. 

To fight with dogs in a well.

This is used to refer to a quarrel or disagreement (μάχεσθαι) with disreputable, quarrelsome people (κυσὶ) in a situation from which you cannot extricate yourself (ἐν φρέατι). There a variation using a less well-known verb:  Ἐν φρέατι κυνομαχεῖν (κυνο-μαχέω, "fight with dogs").

______ δ' ἀρετῆς ἀναίτιος.

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Τύχη δ' ἀρετῆς ἀναίτιος.

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Παντὶ αἰτοῦντί σε ______.

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Παντὶ αἰτοῦντί σε δίδου.

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Ἓν οἶδα — ὅτι ______ οἶδα.

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Ἓν οἶδα — ὅτι οὐδὲν οἶδα.

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______ νήχεσθαι διδάσκεις.

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Ἰχθὺν νήχεσθαι διδάσκεις.

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Ἐν ______ κυσὶ μάχεσθαι.

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Ἐν φρέατι κυσὶ μάχεσθαι.

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And to finish up, here's a random LOLCat too:

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Greek Proverbs: August 27

Here are today's Greek proverbs with LOLCats! These are repeats of previous proverbs, but now with illustrations... and with a quiz too! See how you do on the questions up top, and then try them again down below after you've read through the proverbs (the quiz results display only at the blog, not in the email):

Ἐλέφαντα ἐκ _____ ποιεῖς.

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Ἐλέφαντα ἐκ μυίας ποιεῖς.

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_____ ἔχοντες οὐκ ἀκούετε;

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Ὦτα ἔχοντες οὐκ ἀκούετε;

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Πάταξον μέν, _____ δέ.

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Πάταξον μέν, ἄκουσον δέ.

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Πολλὰ καινὰ τοῦ _____.

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Πολλὰ καινὰ τοῦ πολέμου.

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Μητὲ _____, μητὲ μελίσσας.

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Μητὲ μέλι, μητὲ μελίσσας.

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Ἐλέφαντα ἐκ μυίας ποιεῖς.

You're making an elephant out of a fly.

Compare the English saying: "You're making a mountain out of a molehill." This Greek saying appears in Erasmus's Adagia.

Ὦτα ἔχοντες οὐκ ἀκούετε;

Having ears, do you not hear?

The words come from the Gospel of Mark when Jesus is rebuking his disciples for their lack of understanding. He also invokes the eyes and sight: ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχοντες οὐ βλέπετε; καὶ ὦτα ἔχοντες οὐκ ἀκούετε; "Having eyes, do you not see?"

Πάταξον μέν, ἄκουσον δέ.

Hit me, but listen!

The words are from Plutarch's Life of Themistocles. The situation is that Eurybiades is about to hit Themistocles with his staff while they are arguing about whether the navy should retreat or stay to fight the Persians; Themistocles wins the argument. You can read about the career of Themistocles at Wikipedia, and you can also read about Eurybiades.

Πολλὰ καινὰ τοῦ πολέμου.

War brings many strange things.

Bentley includes this Greek saying in his Dissertation upon the Epistles of Phalaris, applying the saying quite wittily to the strange anachronistic contradictions he discovers in the process of debunking the letters and attributing them not to the 6th century B.C.E. but to the 2nd century C.E.

Μητὲ μέλι, μητὲ μελίσσας.

Neither the honey, nor the bees.

From the Greek μέλισσα we get the name Melissa. The words are adapted from the poet Sappho: Μήτ᾿ ἐμοὶ μέλι, μήτε μέλιττα, "for me neither the honey, nor the bee." For Sappho, no doubt, the sweetness and sting referred to the sweetness and sting of love. You can read about her at Wikipedia: Sappho.

Ἐλέφαντα ἐκ _____ ποιεῖς.

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Ἐλέφαντα ἐκ μυίας ποιεῖς.

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_____ ἔχοντες οὐκ ἀκούετε;

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Ὦτα ἔχοντες οὐκ ἀκούετε;

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Πάταξον μέν, _____ δέ.

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Πάταξον μέν, ἄκουσον δέ.

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Πολλὰ καινὰ τοῦ _____.

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Πολλὰ καινὰ τοῦ πολέμου.

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Μητὲ _____, μητὲ μελίσσας.

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Μητὲ μέλι, μητὲ μελίσσας.

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And to finish up, here's a random LOLCat too:

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Greek Proverbs

Here are today's Greek proverbs with LOLCats! These are repeats of previous proverbs, but now with illustrations... and with a quiz too! See how you do on the questions up top, and then try them again down below after you've read through the proverbs (the quiz results display only at the blog, not in the email):

Κούφη _____ τοῦτον καλύπτοι.

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Κούφη γῆ τοῦτον καλύπτοι.

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Μία _____ ἔαρ οὐ ποιεῖ.

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Μία χελιδὼν ἔαρ οὐ ποιεῖ.

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Ὑπὸ παντὶ λίθῳ _____.

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Ὑπὸ παντὶ λίθῳ σκορπίος.

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Μήτε νεῖν, μήτε _____.

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Μήτε νεῖν, μήτε γράμματα.

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Κακοῦ κόρακος, _____ ᾠόν.

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Κακοῦ κόρακος, κακὸν ᾠόν.

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Κούφη γῆ τοῦτον καλύπτοι.

May the earth cover him lightly.

This is a Greek epitaph; the earth referred to here is the earth of the grave. The adjective κούφη can mean light in the sense of quick or nimble, and it can also mean light in the sense of easy, not heavy, which is the meaning here. The verb καλύπτοι is in the optative mood. You can see the Greek root καλύπτ- in the word apocalypse, which means "uncovering" in Greek, as in the title of the Book of Revelation in the Bible with its apocalyptic contents.

Μία χελιδὼν ἔαρ οὐ ποιεῖ.

One swallow does not make a spring.

Compare the English saying: "One swallow does not make a summer." Aristotle cites the Greek saying in his Nicomachean Ethics, and it also provides the subject of an Aesop's fable: The Young Man and the Swallow.

Ὑπὸ παντὶ λίθῳ σκορπίος.

Under every stone (there is) a scorpion.

So, you may want to "leave no stone unturned" (as the English saying advises), but this Greek proverb warns you to be careful when turning over stones: watch out for the scorpion underneath! As you can see, we get the word scorpion in English from the Greek σκορπίος.

Μήτε νεῖν μήτε γράμματα.

Not (knowing how) to swim nor (knowing) letters.

This saying refers to someone who is completely ignorant: they have no practical skills, such as swimming, and they cannot read or write. From the root of Greek γράμμα we get gram- words in English like grammar and telegram.

Κακοῦ κόρακος κακὸν ᾠόν.

Bad egg of a bad crow.

Compare the English saying, "A chip off the old block," but with negative connotations. At Wikipedia, you can read a funny anecdote about the rhetorician Corax of Syracuse, whose name Κόραξ means crow; when Corax and a student who refused to pay his tuition got involved in a lawsuit, the judge got so angry at both of them that he threw them out of court, proclaiming "Κακοῦ κόρακος κακὸν ᾠόν," with Corax being the bad crow, κακός κόραξ, and his pupil being the bad egg, κακὸν ᾠόν. In his Natural History, Aelian reports the proverb, claiming that crow-fathers were notorious for eating their offspring.

Κούφη _____ τοῦτον καλύπτοι.

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Κούφη γῆ τοῦτον καλύπτοι.

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Μία _____ ἔαρ οὐ ποιεῖ.

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Μία χελιδὼν ἔαρ οὐ ποιεῖ.

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Ὑπὸ παντὶ λίθῳ _____.

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Ὑπὸ παντὶ λίθῳ σκορπίος.

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Μήτε νεῖν, μήτε _____.

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Μήτε νεῖν, μήτε γράμματα.

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Κακοῦ κόρακος, _____ ᾠόν.

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Κακοῦ κόρακος, κακὸν ᾠόν.

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And to finish up, here's a random LOLCat too:

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Greek Proverbs

Here are today's Greek proverbs with LOLCats! These are repeats of previous proverbs, but now with illustrations... and with a quiz too! See how you do on the questions up top, and then try them again down below after you've read through the proverbs (the quiz results display only at the blog, not in the email):

______ ὁ πάντων βασιλεύς.

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Νόμος ὁ πάντων βασιλεύς.

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______ δακὼν παῖδ᾿ ἀπέφυγε.

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Μῦς δακὼν παῖδ᾿ ἀπέφυγε.

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Μωρὸς ______ οὐ δύναται.

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Μωρὸς σιωπᾶν οὐ δύναται.

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Οὐκ αὖθις ______ πάγαις.

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Οὐκ αὖθις ἀλώπηξ πάγαις.

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Ὃ ______ ποίησον τάχιον.

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Ὃ ποιεῖς ποίησον τάχιον.

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Νόμος ὁ πάντων βασιλεύς.

Law is the king of all.

The words are from the poet Pindar and are quoted in Plato's Gorgias. The word πάντων could refer to things or to people (so I chose the ambiguous "all" in English), but the next line of Pindar's ode makes it clear that he referring to "everyone," not "everything" — θνατῶν τε καὶ ἀθανάτων, "both mortals and immortals." From the Greek root of βασιλ- we get English words like basil and basilica.

Μῦς δακὼν παῖδ᾿ ἀπέφυγε.

A mouse, having bit a child, ran away.

A child is small, but a mouse is even smaller, so the saying is used when someone, small though he may be, attacks an enemy greater than himself and gets away with it. The accusative form is παῖδα, but the final vowel is elided before the following vowel: παῖδ' ἀπέφυγε. From the root of Greek παῖς (παῖδ-), we get English words like pedagogy and pediatric.

Μωρὸς σιωπᾶν οὐ δύναται.

A fool isn't able to keep quiet.

There are many proverbs which praise the virtue of silence; talking too much is a sign of foolishness. The verb δύναται takes an infinitive complement: σιωπᾶν. From Greek σοφός and μωρός we get English sophomore, which is an oxymoron... and yes, we get the word oxymoron from μωρός also: sharp-dull.

Οὐκ αὖθις ἀλώπηξ πάγαις.

The fox (is not caught) again by the snare.

The key to this proverb is αὖθις, which means "again." The fox might get stuck in a trap once, but if she manages to get away, she is not going to make that mistake a second time; the smart fox learns from her mistakes. In this version of the saying, the verb is implied but not stated, although you can also find the saying with a verb included: οὐκ αὖθις ἀλώπηξ πάγαις ἁλώσεται, "The fox is not caught again by the snare." In addition, you can find an even shorter version of the saying: Οὐκ αὖθις ἀλώπηξ.

Ὃ ποιεῖς ποίησον τάχιον.

That which you do, do (very) quickly.

The adverb τάχιον is the comparative form of ταχύ; as often, the neuter adjective is being used as an adverb. The words come from the Gospel of John, when Jesus dismisses Judas from the Last Supper, knowing that Judas will betray him.

______ ὁ πάντων βασιλεύς.

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Νόμος ὁ πάντων βασιλεύς.

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______ δακὼν παῖδ᾿ ἀπέφυγε.

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Μῦς δακὼν παῖδ᾿ ἀπέφυγε.

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Μωρὸς ______ οὐ δύναται.

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Μωρὸς σιωπᾶν οὐ δύναται.

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Οὐκ αὖθις ______ πάγαις.

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Οὐκ αὖθις ἀλώπηξ πάγαις.

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Ὃ ______ ποίησον τάχιον.

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Ὃ ποιεῖς ποίησον τάχιον.

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And to finish up, here's a random LOLCat too:

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