Greek Reading: 77

Today's stories come from Colson's Stories and Legends: A First Greek Reader which is available at the Internet Archive. 

You'll find the stories below, first in Greek, then segmented, and then interwoven with English; the title is linked to the Internet Archive page.

Θαλῆς καὶ θεράπαινα

ὁ Πλάτων λέγει ὅτε Θαλῆς ὁ φιλόσοφος ἀστρονομῶν καὶ ἄνω βλέπων ἐς φρέαρ ἔπεσεν. θεράπαινα δέ τις ἰδοῦσα ἔσκωψεν αὐτόν, τοιάδε λέγουσα, “σὺ μὲν φιλόσοφος καλεῖ, ἀληθῶς δὲ μωρὸς εἶ. τὰ μὲν γὰρ ἐν οὐρανῷ θέλεις εἰδέναι, τὰ δὲ παρὰ πόδας σε λανθάνει." 

ὁ Πλάτων λέγει 

ὅτε Θαλῆς ὁ φιλόσοφος 

ἀστρονομῶν καὶ ἄνω βλέπων 

ἐς φρέαρ ἔπεσεν. 

θεράπαινα δέ τις 

ἰδοῦσα ἔσκωψεν αὐτόν, 

τοιάδε λέγουσα, 

σὺ μὲν φιλόσοφος καλεῖ, 

ἀληθῶς δὲ μωρὸς εἶ. 

τὰ μὲν γὰρ ἐν οὐρανῷ θέλεις εἰδέναι, 

τὰ δὲ παρὰ πόδας σε λανθάνει.

ὁ Πλάτων λέγει  ...  Plato says that

ὅτε Θαλῆς ὁ φιλόσοφος  ...  when Thales the philosopher 

ἀστρονομῶν  ...  was studying the stars

καὶ ἄνω βλέπων  ...  and looking up 

ἐς φρέαρ ἔπεσεν  ...  he fell into a well. 

θεράπαινα δέ τις ἰδοῦσα  ...  A female slave saw 

ἔσκωψεν αὐτόν  ...  and mocked him, 

τοιάδε λέγουσα  ...  saying these words: 

σὺ μὲν φιλόσοφος καλεῖ  ...  You call yourself a philosopher, 

ἀληθῶς δὲ μωρὸς εἶ  ...  but in fact you are a fool. 

τὰ μὲν γὰρ θέλεις εἰδέναι  ...  You want to know the things

ἐν οὐρανῷ  ...  in the sky,

τὰ δὲ σε λανθάνει  ...  but you don't even notice the things

παρὰ πόδας  ...  in front of your feet.

Grandville's illustration for La Fontaine

(this story appears in Aesop but without the name "Thales")

Λύκος κaὶ γέρανος

(another version)

λύκος ποτὲ ἐν τῷ λαιμῷ ὀστοῦν ἔχων ἐπνίγετο. μεταπεμψάμενος οὖν τὴν γέρανον, μακρὸν γὰρ τὸν τράχηλον ἔχει ἡ γέρανος, ᾔτησε τὸ ὀστοῦν ἐξαιρεῖν. ἔφη δέ, ἐὰν τοῦτο ποιήσῃ, μισθὸν καλὸν δώσειν. ἡ οὖν γέρανος ἐξεῖλε τὸ ὀστοῦν, εἶτα τὸν μισθὸν ᾔτησε. ὁ δὲ λύκος γελάσας εἶπεν, "ἀχάριστος εἶ, ὦ φίλη· καλὸν γὰρ μισθὸν ἤδη σοι δέδωκα. ἔχων γὰρ τὴν κεφαλὴν ἐν τῷ στόματι, εἴασά σε ὅμως ζῶσαν ἀπιέναι."

λύκος ποτὲ 

ἐν τῷ λαιμῷ 

ὀστοῦν ἔχων 

ἐπνίγετο. 

μεταπεμψάμενος οὖν τὴν γέρανον, 

μακρὸν γὰρ τὸν τράχηλον 

ἔχει ἡ γέρανος, 

ᾔτησε τὸ ὀστοῦν ἐξαιρεῖν. 

ἔφη δέ, 

ἐὰν τοῦτο ποιήσῃ, 

μισθὸν καλὸν δώσειν. 

ἡ οὖν γέρανος 

ἐξεῖλε τὸ ὀστοῦν, 

εἶτα τὸν μισθὸν ᾔτησε. 

ὁ δὲ λύκος γελάσας 

εἶπεν, 

ἀχάριστος εἶ, ὦ φίλη· 

καλὸν γὰρ μισθὸν 

ἤδη σοι δέδωκα. 

ἔχων γὰρ τὴν κεφαλὴν 

ἐν τῷ στόματι, 

εἴασά σε ὅμως 

ζῶσαν ἀπιέναι."

λύκος ποτὲ  ...  A wolf once

ὀστοῦν ἔχων  ...  had a bone

ἐν τῷ λαιμῷ  ...  in his throat 

ἐπνίγετο  ...  and was choking.

μεταπεμψάμενος οὖν  ...  So he sent for 

τὴν γέρανον  ...  the crane,

ἔχει γὰρ ἡ γέρανος  ...  since the crane has 

μακρὸν τὸν τράχηλον  ...  a long neck,

ᾔτησε  ... and asked her

τὸ ὀστοῦν ἐξαιρεῖν  ...  to take out the bone. 

ἔφη δέ  ...  The wolf said, 

ἐὰν τοῦτο ποιήσῃ  ...  that if she did this, 

μισθὸν καλὸν δώσειν  ...  he would offer a fine reward. 

ἡ οὖν γέρανος  ...  So the crane 

ἐξεῖλε τὸ ὀστοῦν  ...  took out the bone, 

εἶτα τὸν μισθὸν ᾔτησε  ...  and then asked for her reward. 

ὁ δὲ λύκος γελάσας  ...  The wolf laughed 

εἶπεν  ...  and said, 

ἀχάριστος εἶ, ὦ φίλη  ...  You are ungrateful, my dear!

ἤδη γὰρ σοι δέδωκα  ...  for I already gave you 

καλὸν μισθὸν  ...  a fine reward:

ἔχων γὰρ τὴν κεφαλὴν  ...  for you had your head 

ἐν τῷ στόματι  ...  in my mouth,

εἴασά σε ὅμως  ...  and I nevertheless allowed you

ζῶσαν ἀπιέναι  ...  to depart while still alive.

Steinhowel's Aesop

And here's a random proverb and a random LOLCat too:

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Greek Crossword 34-35-36

Here is the review for proverbs 34-35-36 with the crossword puzzle! You can click on those group links to review those posts and/or click on the linked sayings below for the post with that specific saying:

• Ἁλιεὺς πληγεὶς νοῦν οἴσει.
• Ἀρχὴ τῆς σοφίας ἡ παιδεία.
  
• Ἀφ᾽ ἵππων ἐπ᾽ ὄνον.
  
• Βοῦν ἐπὶ γλώττης.
  
• Γνώμη γερόντων ἀσφαλεστέρα νέων.
  
• Ἐν λιμένι ναυαγεῖν.
  
• Κοινὰ τὰ τῶν φίλων.
  
• Κρείσσων ἡ πρόνοια τῆς μεταμελείας.
  
• Πάτροκλος πρόφασις.
  
• Πενία γάρ ἐστιν ἡ τρόπων διδάσκαλος.
  
• Πηγάσου ταχύτερος.
  
• Ποταμὸς θάλασσαν ἐρίζει.
  
• Τὰ δειλὰ κέρδη πημονὰς ἐργάζεται.
  
• Τόπων μεταβολαὶ οὔτε φρόνησιν διδάσκουσιν οὔτε ἀφροσύνην ἀφαιροῦνται.
  
• Χαῖρε, φίλον φῶς.
  

Here are the sayings without spaces: see if you can find the word breaks! (I'm just doing the shorter ones because the long ones just keep running over longer than the line.)

Β ο u ν ε π ι γ λ ω τ τ η ς.

Χ α ι ρ ε φ ι λ ο ν φ ω ς.

Π η γ α σ ο υ τ α χ υ τ ε ρ ο ς.

Α φ ι π π ω ν ε π ο ν ο ν.

Ε ν λ ι μ ε ν ι ν α υ α γ ε ι ν.

Κ ο ι ν α τ α τ ω ν φ ι λ ω ν.

Π α τ ρ ο κ λ ο σ π ρ ο φ α σ ι ς.

Π ο τ α μ ο σ θ α λ α σ σ α ν ε ρ ι ζ ε ι.

Α λ ι ε υ σ π λ η γ ε ι σ ν ο υ ν ο ι σ ε ι .

Α ρ χ η τ η σ σ ο φ ι α σ η π α ι δ ε ι α.

And here's the crossword puzzle based on a missing word from each proverb: printable Crossword PDF. I've pasted in screenshots below so you can see what the crossword looks like:

And here's a random proverb and a random LOLCat too :

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Greek Reading: 76

Today's stories come from Colson's Stories and Legends: A First Greek Reader which is available at the Internet Archive. You'll find the stories below, first in Greek, then segmented, and then interwoven with English; the title is linked to the Internet Archive page.

Ὁ Βορέας καὶ ὁ ἤλιος

Ὁ Βορέας ποτὲ καὶ ὁ ἤλιος ἤριζον, ὁπότερός ἐστι κρείσσων. Ἰδὼν δὲ ἄνθρωπον ἱμάτιον ἔχοντα, ἔφη ὁ ἤλιος. “τί μάτην διαλεγόμεθα; ὁρᾷς δήπου ἐκεῖνον τὸν ἄνδρα· ὁπότερος ἄν οὖν ὑμῶν δύνηται ἀποδῦσαι τὸ ἱμάτιον τοῦ ανθρώπου, οὗτος νικάτω.” ὁ δὲ ἕτερος ἐπὶ τούτοις ὡμολόγησε. Πρῶτον μὲν οὖν πεῖραν ἐποιεῖτο ὁ Βορέας. Καὶ παντὶ μὲν τῷ σθένει ἐνέπνευσε, ὁ δὲ ἀνὴρ πολὺ μάλλον ἑαυτὸν τῷ ἱματίῳ ἐκάλυπτε. Παυσαμένου δὲ του Βορέου, ὁ ἥλιος ἐξῆλθεν. Ὁ δὲ ἀνήρ, θερμὸς γενόμενος, τὸ ἱμάτιον ἀπέρριψε.  

Ὁ Βορέας ποτὲ 

καὶ ὁ ἤλιος 

ἤριζον 

ὁπότερός ἐστι κρείσσων. 

Ἰδὼν δὲ ἄνθρωπον 

ἱμάτιον ἔχοντα, 

ἔφη ὁ ἤλιος,

τί μάτην διαλεγόμεθα; 

ὁρᾷς δήπου 

ἐκεῖνον τὸν ἄνδρα —

ὁπότερος ἄν οὖν ὑμῶν 

δύνηται ἀποδῦσαι 

τὸ ἱμάτιον τοῦ ανθρώπου, 

οὗτος νικάτω.

ὁ δὲ ἕτερος 

ἐπὶ τούτοις ὡμολόγησε. 

Πρῶτον μὲν οὖν 

πεῖραν ἐποιεῖτο ὁ Βορέας. 

Καὶ παντὶ μὲν τῷ σθένει 

ἐνέπνευσε, 

ὁ δὲ ἀνὴρ 

πολὺ μάλλον 

ἑαυτὸν τῷ ἱματίῳ ἐκάλυπτε. 

Παυσαμένου δὲ του Βορέου, 

ὁ ἥλιος ἐξῆλθεν. 

Ὁ δὲ ἀνήρ, 

θερμὸς γενόμενος, 

τὸ ἱμάτιον ἀπέρριψε.  

Ὁ Βορέας ποτὲ  ...  Once the North Wind 

καὶ ὁ ἤλιος ἤριζον  ...  and the Sun quarreled

ὁπότερός ἐστι κρείσσων  ...  about who was stronger. 

Ἰδὼν δὲ ἄνθρωπον  ...  Seeing a man 

ἱμάτιον ἔχοντα  ...  who had a cloak, 

ἔφη ὁ ἤλιος  ...  the Sun said:

τί μάτην διαλεγόμεθα  ...  Why this useless arguing? 

ὁρᾷς δήπου  ...  I suppose you see

ἐκεῖνον τὸν ἄνδρα  ...  that man —

ὁπότερος ἄν οὖν ὑμῶν  ...  whichever one of us 

δύνηται ἀποδῦσαι  ...  can strip off 

τὸ ἱμάτιον τοῦ ανθρώπου  ...  the man's cloak, 

οὗτος νικάτω  ...  let him be the winner!

ὁ δὲ ἕτερος  ...  And the other 

ἐπὶ τούτοις ὡμολόγησε  ...  agreed to this. 

Πρῶτον μὲν οὖν ὁ Βορέας  ...  So first the North Wind

πεῖραν ἐποιεῖτο  ...  made his attempt. 

Καὶ παντὶ μὲν τῷ σθένει  ...  And with all his might 

ἐνέπνευσε  ...  he blew! 

ὁ δὲ ἀνὴρ  ...  But the man 

ἑαυτὸν τῷ ἱματίῳ ἐκάλυπτε  ...  wrapped himself in the cloak

πολὺ μάλλον  ...  all the more tightly.

Παυσαμένου δὲ του Βορέου  ...  When the Wind ceased, 

ὁ ἥλιος ἐξῆλθεν  ...  the Sun came out. 

Ὁ δὲ ἀνήρ  ...  The man, 

θερμὸς γενόμενος  ...  becoming warm, 

τὸ ἱμάτιον ἀπέρριψε  ...  threw off his cloak.  

illustration by Walter Crane

Συμπόσιον Αἰγύπτιον

οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι ἐν τοῖς συμποσίοις τόδε ποιοῦσι. ἀνὴρ νεκρὸν περιφέρει ἐκ ξύλου πεποιημένον. δεικνὺς δὲ ἑκάστῳ τῶν συμποτῶν λέγει, "ὦ φίλε, ὅρα τοῦτον, ἔπειτα πῖνε καὶ τέρπου. ἀποθανὼν γὰρ καὶ σὺ τοιοῦτος ἔσει."

οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι 

ἐν τοῖς συμποσίοις τόδε ποιοῦσι

ἀνὴρ 

νεκρὸν περιφέρει 

ἐκ ξύλου πεποιημένον. 

δεικνὺς δὲ ἑκάστῳ τῶν συμποτῶν 

λέγει, 

ὦ φίλε, ὅρα τοῦτον, 

ἔπειτα πῖνε καὶ τέρπου. 

ἀποθανὼν γὰρ καὶ σὺ τοιοῦτος ἔσει.

οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι  ...  The Egyptians

ἐν τοῖς συμποσίοις  ...  in their banquets

τόδε ποιοῦσι  ...  did this:

ἀνὴρ  ...  a man

νεκρὸν περιφέρει  ...  carried around a dead man 

ἐκ ξύλου πεποιημένον  ...  made out of wood.

δεικνὺς δὲ  ...  He showed it

ἑκάστῳ τῶν συμποτῶν  ...  to each of the banqueters 

λέγει  ...  and said, 

ὦ φίλε, ὅρα τοῦτον  ...  O friend, look at this, 

ἔπειτα πῖνε καὶ τέρπου  ...  then drink and enjoy yourself,

ἀποθανὼν γὰρ  ...  for you're going to die 

καὶ σὺ τοιοῦτος ἔσει  ...  and you too will be like this man.

(if you are curious, this anecdote comes from Plutarch's Isis and Osiris)

And here's a random proverb and a random LOLCat too:

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Greek Vocabulary Challenge: June 24

Here are today's vocabulary words; it's Group 176. Click on the word to learn more at Logeion:

διώκω ~ διώξω ~ ἐδίωξα: chase, pursue 

γιγνώσκω ~ γνώσομαι ~ ἔγνων: know 

φροντίζω ~ φροντιέω ~ ἑφρόντισα: consider, regard 

ἡγέομαι ~ ἡγήσομαι ~ ἡγησάμην: lead, rule; believe 

πίπτω ~ πεσοῦμαι ~ ἔπεσον: fall, fall down 

These are the proverbs (and there are always more proverbs at the blog):

Ὁμόνοιαν δίωκε.

Ῥεχθὲν δέ τε νήπιος ἔγνω.

Ξενίας ἀεὶ φρόντιζε, μὴ καθυστέρει.

Ἅπαντας ἐχθροὺς τῶν Θεῶν ἡγοῦ πλέον.

Τὸν καπνὸν φεύγων εἰς τὸ πῦρ ἔπεσον.

And now, some commentary:

Ὁμόνοιαν δίωκε.

Pursue oneness-of-mind.

You could also translate this Greek compound ὁμό-νοια as "unanimity," un-anim-ity, or "concord," con-cord. This is another one of those Delphic maxims recorded by Stobaeus.

Ῥεχθὲν δέ τε νήπιος ἔγνω.

When something is done, even a fool knows it.

This saying appears already in Homer's Iliad: Menelaus is protecting Patroclus's fallen body, and he uses these words to rebuke the Trojan Euphorbus, but Euphorbus does not retreat, and Menelaus kills him. Plato also includes this saying in the Symposium, labeling it a παροιμία, a proverb. The idea is that a wise man can anticipate trouble in advance and avoid it, but the fool rushes in, recognizing the danger only after it has befallen him, Euphorbus being one such fool.

Ξενίας ἀεὶ φρόντιζε, μὴ καθυστέρει.

Always have regard for hospitality; don't be slow to offer.

This is one of the monostichs of Menander, so it's in iambic meter:

Ξενίας | ἀεὶ || φρόντι|ζε, μὴ || καθυ|στέρει.

Ἅπαντας ἐχθροὺς τῶν Θεῶν ἡγοῦ πλέον.

Rather consider all men to be enemies rather than the gods.

The words come from Aeschylus's The Libation Bearers; Pylades is speaking to Orestes, trying to persuade him that divine oracles must be obeyed, no matter what, even if — as in Orestes' case — the gods demand that he murder his own mother, showing her no pity.

Τὸν καπνὸν φεύγων εἰς τὸ πῦρ ἔπεσον.

Fleeing the smoke, I fell into the fire.

You've seen a saying like this before (earlier post): Εἰς τὸ πῦρ ἐκ τοῦ κάπνου. Compare the English saying, "Out of the frying pan, into the fire."

Menelaus defends the body of Patroclus

And here's a random proverb and a random LOLCat too:

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