μηδείς ~ μηδενός (adj. masc.): none, nothing (μη)
ἀμφότερον ~ ἀμφοτέρου (adj. neut.): both of two; either
οὐδέν ~ οὐδενός (adj. neut.): none, nothing
νέος ~ νέου (adj. masc.): young, new
πλεῖστον ~ πλείστου (adj. neut.): the most, very many
These are the proverbs (and there are always more proverbs at the blog):
Ὑφορῶ μηδένα.
Ἐπ' ἀμφότερα καθεύδεις τὰ ὦτα.
Οὐδὲν γίγνεται ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος.
Ὅν οἱ θεοὶ φιλοῦσιν ἀποθνῄσκει νέος.
Κακὰ πλεῖστα πόλει δυσνομία παρέχει.
And now, some commentary:
Ὑφορῶ μηδένα.
Do not regard anyone with suspicion.
The verb ὑφοράω is a compound of οράω: ὑπο+ὁράω (the vowel drops, and the aspiration changes the pi to phi). Literally, it means to look at from below, but metaphorically it means to look at someone with suspicion or jealousy, which is the meaning here. Because it is an imperative, it takes the form μηδένα rather than the form οὐδένα that is used with indicative verbs. This is another of the maxims attributed by Stobaeus to the Seven Sages.
Ἐπ' ἀμφότερα καθεύδεις τὰ ὦτα.
You're sleeping on both ears.
This means to be sleeping deeply; compare the English saying "to sleep like a log." The idea is that you are in such a comfortable and secure situation that you don't need to keep an ear open for danger while you sleep. The Greek determiner ἄμφω means "both," and the adjective ἀμφότερος means "each of two, both." You can see this root in amphitheater.
Οὐδὲν γίγνεται ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος.
Nothing can come from that which is not.
This is a saying of the philosopher Epicurus, who maintained that for creation to take place, there must be pre-existing matter. You can also find the idea stated thus: οὐδὲν ἐξ οὐδενός. For a discussion of this topic, see the Wikipedia articles: Creatio ex materia and the opposing view: Creatio ex nihilo, which affirms that matter did not pre-exist God, who indeed created something from nothing.
Κακὰ πλεῖστα πόλει δυσνομία παρέχει.
Bad laws produce the most evils for a city.
The adjective πλεῖστον is the superlative form of πολύ. The noun δυσνομία is a compound, δυσ-νομία, meaning bad governance, bad laws, or lawlessness. This is one of the sayings attributed to Solon. This line comes from a long elegiac fragment which you can read here: Justice and the City.
Ὅν οἱ θεοὶ φιλοῦσιν ἀποθνῄσκει νέος.
Whom the gods love dies young.
The adjective νέος can mean new or fresh, and with regard to humans or other animals, as here, it means young. You can see this Greek root in many English words, such as neophyte and neolithic. This is one of the lines of the comic poet Menander; here is the meter marked:
Ὅν οἱ | θεοὶ || φιλοῦ|σιν ἀπο||θνῄσκει | νέος.
(You can often read a three-syllable element in an iambic line as syncopated: ἀπ'θνῄσκει.)
And here's a random proverb too:
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